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spe - 14 - 8 - 063/c /yl page 1 of 40 specification patent pending part number: pa.71 1 .a product name: warrior ii ultra wide - band lte/cellular/cdma smt antenna pairs with the pa.710.a warrior f or 4g mimo applications lte / gsm / cdma /dcs /pcs / wcdma / umts / hsdpa / gprs / edge /imt , 698mhz to 960mhz, 17 10mhz to 269 0mh z , 5000 to 5850mhz features: supplied as one part of a mimo pair with pa.710 . a on mimo applications high isolation and ecc when used with pa.710 . a on specific board layouts high efficiency wide - b and a ntenna patent p ending s urface m ount t echnology 40x6x5mm dimensions rohs compliant ?
spe - 14 - 8 - 063/c /yl page 2 of 40 1 introduct ion the pa.711 . a is the culmination of a multi - year research effort in mimo antennas. it has been designed specifically to be used as the second antenna in a 2*2 or higher mimo setup in conjunction with our standard pa.710 . a lte antenna. the pa.711 . a has all the same attributes of the pa.710 . a, a high e f ficiency smt ce rami c antenna, operating at 698mhz to 960mhz and 1710mhz to 2690mhz . due to subtle variation of radiation pattern it delivers high isolation and ecc <0.3 when used with the pa.710 . a in certain layouts. this decreases the footprint needed for lte mimo applications compared to using other antennas. the pa.711 . a is delivered on tape and reel and mounted securely during the device pcb reflow process. note for single antenna applications use pa.710 . a. pad.71x .a evaluation board/mimo antenna system figure 1 . mimo pad.71x standard evaluation board the mimo pad.71x .a standard evaluation board has two antenna elements; t he existing pa.710 lte mimo ceramic antenna , successfully used in many lte mimo devices today, along with its brother the pa.711 .a lte mimo ceramic antenna. the evaluation board is just 125mm*120mm
spe - 14 - 8 - 063/c /yl page 3 of 40 (much smaller than can be achieved using most other passive antenna technologies, which would require board sizes of 200mm*200mm to achieve the same isolation/ecc). it can be ordered from taoglas and can also be used as a stand - alone 2*2 mimo antenna for your application. by altering the radiation pattern of the pa.711 .a to that of the pa.710 .a (similar t o reflecting), taoglas has created the world's first high efficiency mimo embedded wide - band cellular antenna conforming to an envelope correlation co - efficient of below 0.3. this minimal self - interference is critical to achieve high data rates i n today's advanced lte systems. the patent pending antenna is ideal for integration into high data throughput devices which depend on high efficiency mimo antennas. typical applications of pad.71x are - intelligent transport systems - high definition video broadc ast systems - wireless lte mimo m2m devices with legacy 2g/3g functionality
spe - 14 - 8 - 063/c /yl page 4 of 40
spe - 14 - 8 - 063/c /yl page 5 of 40 figure 2. pad.71x .a mechanic al drawing for pad.71x .a , a ntenna board size, dimensions , and antenna placement have all been carefully evaluated for optimum performance. it is not recommended to reduce the antenna board dimensions, as efficiency will reduce dramatically along with poor isolation. the antennas may also need to be re - matched t o fit into different custom enclosures. taoglas offers full customization of the antenna system for your device. alternatively, pa.710 and pa.711 can be integrated directly on your main board, provided that you follow strict guidelines on meeting minimum main - board ground plane dimensions, transmission line design, matching, and placement of antennas. contact taoglas regional sales office for support before you start your design.
spe - 14 - 8 - 063/c /yl page 6 of 40 1.1 key advantages 1. highest efficiency in a small size , i.e. 40m m*6mm*5mm. a comparative antenna , for example metal/fr4/fpc/whip/rod/ helix , would h ave much reduced efficiency in this configuration due to their different dielectric constants. very high effi ciency antennas are critical to 3g and 4g devices ability to deliver the stated data - speed rates of systems such as hspa and lte. 2. more resistant to detuning compared to other antenna integrations. if tuning is required it can be tuned for the device en vironment using a matching circuit , or other techniques on the main pcb itself . there is no need for new tooling, thereby saving money if customization is required. 3. highly reliable and robust . o ur pa series antennas are used by the worlds leading auto motive makers in extremely challenging environments. the antenna meets all temperature and mechanical specs required (vibration, drop tests , etc) . 4. easy to integrate . other antenna designs come in irregular shapes and sizes making them more difficult to integrate. 5. surface mount technology ( directly on - board) . the pa.711.a antenna saves on labo u r, cable and connector costs, leads to higher integration yield rates, and reduces losses in transmission. 6 . minimum transmission and reception l osses . t hese are kept to absolute minimum resulting in much improved ota (over the air ) , i.e. trp (total radiated power)/tis (total isotropic radiation) , device performance compared to similar efficiency cable and connector antenna solutions . this means it is an ideal antenna to be used for devices that need to pass , for example , usa carrier network approvals . 7 . rse reductions . the pa.711.a will help to eliminate radiated spurious emission failures compared to other antenna technologies as the required layout for the antenna can deliver natural isolation between the onboard noise and the antenna itself. also , the antenna can be matched better to the system with the matching circuit function. 8 . high gain in both polarization planes . achieves moderate to high gain in bo th vertical and horizontal polarization planes. this feature is very useful in certain wireless communications where the antenna orientation is not fixed and the reflections or multipath signals may be present from any plane. in those cases the important p arameter to be considered is the total field strength,
spe - 14 - 8 - 063/c /yl page 7 of 40 which is the vector sum of the signal from the horizontal and vertical polarization planes at any instant in time.
spe - 14 - 8 - 063/c /yl page 8 of 40 2 specification electrical antenna pa . 71 1 .a standard 2g/3g/4g operation frequency (mhz) 698~960mhz 1710~2170mhz 2300~2400mhz 2490~2690mhz 5000~5850mhz peak gain 1.0dbi 2.9dbi 4.1dbi 2.8dbi 4dbi average gain - 2.8db - 2.6db - 2.0db - 2.2db - 1.5db efficiency 52% 54% 62% 61% 70% vswr <3.0:1 impedance 50? polarization linear radiation properties omni - directional max input power 5 w ? the pa.711 antenna performance w as measured with taoglas pad.71x.a evb . mechanical dimensions (mm) 40 x 6 x 5 mm material ceramic termination ag (environmental - friendly pb free) evb connector sma - female environmental operation temperature - 40c to 85c storage temperature - 40c to 105c relative humidity non - condensing 65c 95% rh rohs compliant yes
spe - 14 - 8 - 063/c /yl page 9 of 40 3 t est set up figure 3 . s - parameter s 11 measurements (left hand) and peak gain, average gain, efficiency , and radiation pa ttern measurements in taoglas ireland ets - lindgren ota chamber (right hand) y x z
spe - 14 - 8 - 063/c /yl page 10 of 40 4 antenna parameters 4.1 s - parameter: s 11 figure 4 . s 11 of the pa . 71 1 .a lte a ntenna on mimo pad.71x .a -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 600 870 1140 1410 1680 1950 2220 2490 2760 3030 3300 3570 3840 4110 4380 4650 4920 5190 5460 5730 6000 s11 (db) frequency (mhz) return loss pa.711.a on pad.71x.a
spe - 14 - 8 - 063/c /yl page 11 of 40 4.2 vswr figure 5 . vswr of the pa.711.a lte antenna on mimo pad.71x .a 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 600 870 1140 1410 1680 1950 2220 2490 2760 3030 3300 3570 3840 4110 4380 4650 4920 5190 5460 5730 6000 vswr frequency (mhz) vswr pa.711 pa.711.a on pad.71x.a
spe - 14 - 8 - 063/c /yl page 12 of 40 4.3 isolation figure 6 . isolation i n between lte pa.711 and pa.710 antennas on mimo pad.71x.a -50 -45 -40 -35 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 600 870 1140 1410 1680 1950 2220 2490 2760 3030 3300 3570 3840 4110 4380 4650 4920 5190 5460 5730 6000 isolation (db) frequency (mhz) isolation pad.71x.a
spe - 14 - 8 - 063/c /yl page 13 of 40 4.4 envelope correlation coefficient ( ecc) figure 7 . ecc i n between lte pa.711 and pa.710 antennas on mimo pad.71x. a 0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 695 895 1095 1295 1495 1695 1895 2095 2295 2495 2695 2895 3095 3295 3495 3695 3895 4095 4295 4495 4695 4895 5095 5295 5495 5695 5895 ecc frequency (mhz) envelope correlation pad.71x.a
spe - 14 - 8 - 063/c /yl page 14 of 40 4.5 efficiency figure 8 . efficiency of the pa.711.a lte antenna on mimo pad.71x .a 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 690 940 1190 1440 1690 1940 2190 2440 2690 2940 3190 3440 3690 3940 4190 4440 4690 4940 5190 5440 5690 5940 efficiency % frequency (mhz) efficiency pa.711.a on pad.71x.a
spe - 14 - 8 - 063/c /yl page 15 of 40 4.6 peak gain figure 9 . peak gain of the pa.711.a lte antenna on mimo pad.71x .a -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 690 940 1190 1440 1690 1940 2190 2440 2690 2940 3190 3440 3690 3940 4190 4440 4690 4940 5190 5440 5690 5940 peak gain (db) frequency (mhz) peak gain pa.711.a on pad.71x.a
spe - 14 - 8 - 063/c /yl page 16 of 40 4.7 average gain figure 1 0 . average gain of the pa.711.a lte antenna on mimo pad.71x .a -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 690 940 1190 1440 1690 1940 2190 2440 2690 2940 3190 3440 3690 3940 4190 4440 4690 4940 5190 5440 5690 5940 average gain (db) frequency (mhz) average gain pa.711.a on pad.71x.a
spe - 14 - 8 - 063/c /yl page 17 of 40 4.8 3d radiation pattern of pa.711.a on pad.71x.a figure 1 1 . 3d radiation pattern at 700 and 800 mhz of the pa . 71 1 .a antenna on mimo pad.71x .a figure 1 2 . 3d radiation pattern at 900 and 1700 mhz of the pa.711.a antenna on mimo pad.71x .a 700mhz 8 00mhz 9 00mhz 1710mhz
spe - 14 - 8 - 063/c /yl page 18 of 40 figure 1 3 . 3d radiation pattern at 1805 and 1910 mhz of the warrior pa.711.a antenna on mimo pad.71x .a figure 1 4 . 3d radiation pattern at 1990 and 2170 mhz of the warrior pa.711.a antenna on mimo pad.71x .a 1805mhz 1910mhz 1990mhz 2170mhz
spe - 14 - 8 - 063/c /yl page 19 of 40 figure 1 5 . 3d radiation pattern at 2500 and 2600 mhz of the warrior pa.711.a antenna on mimo pad.71x .a figure 1 6 . 3d radiation pattern at 2600 and 270 0 mhz of the warrior pa.711.a antenna on mimo pad.71x .a 2400mhz 2500mhz 2600mhz 2700mhz
spe - 14 - 8 - 063/c /yl page 20 of 40 figure 1 7 . 3d radiation pattern at 5000 and 515 0 mhz of the warrior pa.711.a antenna on mimo pad.71x.a figure 1 8 . 3d radiation pattern at 555 0 and 5 8 5 0 mhz of the warrior pa.711.a antenna on mimo pad.71x.a 5000mhz 5150mhz 5550mhz 5850mhz
spe - 14 - 8 - 063/c /yl page 21 of 40 4.9 2d radiation pattern of pa.711.a on pad.71x .a xy plane -40 -35 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 (dbi) 700 mhz 800 mhz 900 mhz 1710 mhz x y
spe - 14 - 8 - 063/c /yl page 22 of 40 xz plane -40 -35 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 (dbi) 700 mhz 800 mhz 900 mhz 1710 mhz z x
spe - 14 - 8 - 063/c /yl page 23 of 40 yz plane -40 -35 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 (dbi) 700 mhz 800 mhz 900 mhz 1710 mhz z y
spe - 14 - 8 - 063/c /yl page 24 of 40 xy plane -40 -35 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 (dbi) 1805 mhz 1910 mhz 1990 mhz 2100 mhz x y
spe - 14 - 8 - 063/c /yl page 25 of 40 xz plane -40 -35 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 (dbi) 1805 mhz 1910 mhz 1990 mhz 2100 mhz z x
spe - 14 - 8 - 063/c /yl page 26 of 40 yz plane -40 -35 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 (dbi) 1805 mhz 1910 mhz 1990 mhz 2100 mhz z y
spe - 14 - 8 - 063/c /yl page 27 of 40 xy plane -40 -35 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 (dbi) 2450 mhz 2500 mhz 2600 mhz 2700 mhz x y
spe - 14 - 8 - 063/c /yl page 28 of 40 xz plane -40 -35 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 (dbi) 2450 mhz 2500 mhz 2600 mhz 2700 mhz z x
spe - 14 - 8 - 063/c /yl page 29 of 40 yz plane -40 -35 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 (dbi) 2450 mhz 2500 mhz 2600 mhz 2700 mhz z y
spe - 14 - 8 - 063/c /yl page 30 of 40 xy plane -40 -35 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 (dbi) 5000 mhz 5150 mhz 5550 mhz 5850 mhz x y
spe - 14 - 8 - 063/c /yl page 31 of 40 xz plane -40 -35 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 (dbi) 5000 mhz 5150 mhz 5550 mhz 5850 mhz z x
spe - 14 - 8 - 063/c /yl page 32 of 40 yz plane figure 1 9 . 2d radiation pattern of the pa. 711.a antenna on mimo pad.71x.a -40 -35 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 (dbi) 5000 mhz 5150 mhz 5550 mhz 5850 mhz z y
spe - 14 - 8 - 063/c /yl page 33 of 40 5 mechanical drawing figure 20 . mechanical drawing of the pa.711.a antenna
spe - 14 - 8 - 063/c /yl page 34 of 40 6 layout dimension ( standard evb ) figure 21 . layout dimensions o f the pa.711.a antenna on evb note: all d imension s are for taoglas pa.711.a evaluation board only C different dimensions may be applied for different board designs.
spe - 14 - 8 - 063/c /yl page 35 of 40 7 evb dimensions figure 2 2 . evb dimensions of the pa.711.a a ntenna
spe - 14 - 8 - 063/c /yl page 36 of 40 8 evb matching circuit for pa.711.a circuit symbol size description l1 0402 5.6nh inductor (lqg15hs5n6s02d) c1 0402 4.3pf capacitor (grm1555c1h4r3ca01d) figure 2 3 . recommended matching c ircuit solder area l 1 c 1
spe - 14 - 8 - 063/c /yl page 37 of 40 an inductor in parallel with the pa.711 .a is required for the antenna to have the optimal performance o n the evaluation board . the inductor is located outside of the ground plane in the space specified in the drawings (l1 in figure 23 ) . the recommended matching component (l1) is a 5.6 nh inductor (for standard pa.711.a evalu ation board) . the inductor is strictly required in the antenna integration (this lumped element is considered as part of the antenna). it i s not possible to determine if further improvement in matching is necessary for other pcb integrations , therefore we recommend in cluding extra footprints for a pi network in between the gsm module and the edge of the ground plane in your design . the starting point will be putting a 4.3 pf capacitor in series in the pi network (s1) and the required 5.6 nh outside of th e ground plane (l1). with these spaces we have 3 options for matching topologies as in the next figures: figure 2 4 . pi matching network further investigation could be done to determine if more components are necessary in the pi network, but cannot be determined until the device is built and the antenna is integrated.
spe - 14 - 8 - 063/c /yl page 38 of 40 9 packaging blister tape to iec 286 - 3, polyester pieces / tape = 450 figure 2 5 . pa.711.a antenna packaging
spe - 14 - 8 - 063/c /yl page 39 of 40
spe - 14 - 8 - 063/c /yl page 40 of 40 10 recommended reflow temperature profile pa.7 1 1 .a can be assembled following either sn - pb or pb - free assembly processes. the recommended soldering temperatures are as follows: figure 2 6 . temperature profile for the assembly process in reflow ovens taoglas makes no warranties based on the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this document and reserves the right to make changes to specifications and product descriptions at any time without notice. taoglas reserves all rights to this document and the information contained herein. reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties without express permission is stric tly prohibited. copyright ? taoglas ltd.

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